Includes bibliographical references and index.

''TO THE READER

The seventh edition of Multicultural Teaching is dedicated once again to teachers who are now in K-8 classrooms as well as students in teacher education programs who will be our future teachers. Our intent is not only to inform you but also to inspire you to become exellent teachers who care about children and involved citizens who care about our country and our world.

Multicultural education has long been an important concern. Each day we are inundated with new information about the needs of people in our multicultural world. The media present instantaneous reports of what is happening throughout our global village. We can't fail to be involved in multiculturalism.

Over the years since we wrote his first comprehensive book on multicultural education in 1979, we have seen shifting perspectives and controversy among Americans. We have noted the ongoing discussion of the separation of church and state, questions related to the role of the federal government versus that of the individual states in maintaining civil rights, and total reversals of though as in the matter of bilingual education. Multicultural education is a subject that is constantly in flux.

In 2006, we present a revised edition of Multicultural Teaching that incorporates the strengths of previous editions yet also: develops a powerful Esteem/ Empathy/ Equity Model featuring three major themes interwoven throughout the text.
clarifies the evolution of multicultural thinking from the founding of our country to current decision making as we go through the first decades of the 21st century.
integrates theory (the knowledge base) and practice (creative learning activities that cross the curriculum).
includes many activities and thematic studies designed to help teachers engage students with multicultural concerns.
engages future teachers with keeping a Reflective Teaching Portfolio and working with Cooperative Learning Groups as they learn to teach multiculturally.

We hope that you will join with us in searching out to young learners who will be making crucial decisions as we move through this new century. They need our guidance as they look ahead to envision solutions to problems that we face today. - Pamela and Iris Tiedt'' (p.xvii)

CONTENTS

To the Reader

PART I A FRAMEWORK FOR MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION

1. Educating Children in Our Unique Multiculture

Diversity in the United States
The United States Has Always Been Diverse
The American Multiculture
Who Is An American?
''Positionality'' and Power

A History of Multicultural Thinking
The Myth of the Melting Pot
New Voices, New Perspectives
The United States in the 21st Century

A Bumpy Road to Human Rights
African Americans Enslaved
Education: The Key
A Landmark in Civil Rights
Immigrants Contributing to Building the Country
Women's Suffrage
Bilingualism in the Schools
The Full Range of Human Rights

The Best Education for All
Creating an Inclusive Classroom Culture
Definitions and Appropriate Terminology

Comparing Models of Multicultural Education
Our Assumptions

Connections

Follow-Through
Creating Your Reflective Teaching Porfolio (RPT) Beginning to Work with a Cooperative Learning Group (CLG)

Growing a Professional Library

Endnotes

2. Organizing for Learning in Multicultural Education

Defining a Multicultural Curriculum
Presenting the Model: Esteem / Empathy / Equity (EEE)
Expected Outcomes
Multicultural Objectives
Teaching about Prejudice and Racism
The ''Hidden Curriculum''

Thematic Approaches across the Curriculum
Planning for Thematic Study
Selection of an Appropriate Theme
Introduction of the Theme
Working Together

Learning about Latinos: Thematic Study I
Setting Up a Spanish Language Center
Spanish Is All Around Us
Celebrating Latino Culture and Heritage

A Nation of Immigrants: Thematic Study II Introduction
Planning an Integrated Study
Locating Resources to Share
Connecting Across the Curriculum

Assessing Student Progress

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

Endnotes

3. Individualizing Instruction for Multicultural Education

Effective Multicultural Teaching
Improving the Quality of Teachers
A Student-Centered Approach
Self-Confidence Is Contagious
Plan Multicultural Evaluation Strategies
The Important Early Years

Developing Multicultural Lesson Plans
Developing Multicultural Learning Centers
Using the Learning Center
Making Task Cards
Sample Learning Center

Multicultural Teaching Strategies
Picture Books as a Launching Pads
Learning Through Listening
Working with Cooperative Learning Groups
Literature-Based Instruction
Writing ''Thinking''
Other Supportive Strategies

Engage Students with Computer-Based Learning
Word Processing
CD-ROM Programs
Tips for Using Computer Effectively
Using the Internet

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Endnotes

PART II MULTICULTURAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM

4. Teaching Language Arts and Reading Multiculturally

Focusing on Language Arts and Reading Instruction Directly
Effective Language Arts and Reading Instructional Strategies
Sample Multicultural Language Arts and Reading Lesson Plans

Infusing Multicultural Language Arts and Reading Instruction across the Curriculum
Engaging Students in All Language Processes across the Curriculum
Developing Extensive Multicultural Thematic Studies

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

Endnotes

5. Teaching Social Studies Multiculturally

Focusing on Social Studies Instructions Directly
Effective Social Studies Instructional Strategies

Infusing Multicultural Social Studies Instruction across the Curriculum
Engaging Students
Developing Extensive Multicultural Thematic Studies

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

6. Teaching Science and Mathematics Multiculturally

Teaching Science Multiculturally
Science in the News
Science and ESL Students
Women and Science
A Virtual Fieldtrip
Categories
Reading about Real Scientists
Nonfiction about Science
Science Themes in Fiction
A Multicultural Science Lesson Plan

Infusing Multicultural Science Instruction across the Curriculum
A Thematic Study: Nutrition

Teaching Mathematics Culturally
Strategies for Teaching Mathematics Culturally

Infusing Mathematics Culturally across the Curriculum

A Global Village

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

Endnotes

7. Teaching the Performing Arts Multiculturally
Effective Multicultural Art Strategies
Infusing Multicultural Art Instruction across the Curriculum

Focusing on Teaching Music Multiculturally
Effective Multicultural Music Strategies
Infusing Multicultural Music Instruction across the Curriculum

Focusing on Movement and Drama Multiculturally
Effective Multicultural Instructional Strategies
Infusing Multicultural Drama and Movement across the Curriculum

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

Endnote

8. Teaching Multiculturally around the Year

Using the Calendar
Displaying the Calendar
Developing the Calendar
Strategies for Using the Calendar
Letters
Great Interviews

Multimedia Presentation
The Time Machine

The Months of the Year
September Activities
October Activities
November Activities
December Activities
January Activities
February Activities
March Activities
April Activities
May Activities
June Activities
July Activities
August Activities

Movable Holidays
U.S. Holidays or Special Days Jewish Feasts and Festivals
Islamic Holidays

Variable Holidays and Activities
Divali Asian New Year
Ramadan
Hanukkah - The Festival of Lights

Teaching Multiculturally around a Theme: Time
Marking Time
How Calendars Developed
The Christian Church Calendar
The Hebrew Calendar
The Islamic Calendar
The Chinese Calendar
The Aztec Calendar
Sources for Further Study

Multicultural Focus on a Group - Jewish Americans: Living in a ''Christian'' Country
The Jewish Immigration to the United States
Jewish Life and Customs
Invisible to History
The Holocaust
The Life and Diary of Anne Frank
Never Forget
What Would You Do? The ''Problem'' of Christmas
Jewish Folklore
Stories within Stories
Sources of Information for Teaching about Jewish Americans Living in a ''Christian'' Country

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

PART III REFLECTING ON ADDITIONAL MULTICULTURAL TOPICS AND ISSUES

9. Examining the Achievement Gap: Definition, Causes, and Cures

Defining the Achievement Gap
Comparing the Achievement of White Students and Students of Color

Identifying Causes of the Achievement Gap
Family Influences and Involvement
Cultural Differences
Expectations
Grouping Arrangements
English Language Acquisition

Narrowing/Closing the Achievement Gap
Evaluating Assessment Methods in Education
Headstart Legislation and Funding

No Child Left Behind Legislation
Communities and Schools Working Together

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

Endnotes

10. Language: A Key Component of Multicultural Education

Students and Language
Students' Rights to Their Own Language
Teaching Multicultural / Multilingual Children
Bilingual Books

Dialects and Languages
Standard English
The Language in the Dictionary
Black English Vernacular (BEV)

The Story of English
The Indo-European Language Tree
Other Language Families
Linguistic Diversity in the United States
English in the World
Influences from Other Languages

Learning English as an Additional Language
Oral Practice
Developing Fluency
Developing a Literacy Base
Recording Class Activities
Vocabulary Development
Welcoming Limited-English-Speaking Students

Connections

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

Endnotes

11. Investigating Additional Issues and Concerns Related to Multicultural Education

Think Globally, Act Locally

When Crimes Become Hate Crimes

Gay Marriage: The Pros and Cons

The Digital Divide

Enfranchisement for All

Resistance to Multicultural Education

Poverty and the Working Poor

Slavery in the 21st Century

Still a Question of Access for People with Disabilities

When Books Are Banned

Gender-Fair Education

English as the Official Language of the United States

Students at Risk

Bullying and Harrassment

Affirming Multicultural Identity

Follow-Through
Expanding Your RTP
Working with Your CLG

Endnotes

12. Continued Professional Growth

Reflection: What Have You Learned?
The Roots of Multicultural Education
The Professionalization of Teaching
Schools as Center of Inquiry
Self-Assessment: How Am I Doing?

How Can We Grow Professionally?
Become a Reader
Read Stories of Real Teachers Working with Diverse Students
Share Reading with Your Students

Connections

Follow-Through
Reviewing Your RTP
Sharing Conclusions in Your CLG

Growing a Professional Library

An Afterword

Index