TY  - BOOK
AU  - Bygate,Martin
TI  - Speaking
SN  - 0194371344 (pbk)
AV  - P53 .B93 1987
PY  - 1987///
CY  - New York
PB  - Oxford University Press
KW  - Language and languages
KW  - Study and teaching
KW  - Communicative competence
N1  - Includes bibliographical references (p. [119]-121); "How do learners learn to speak a foreign language? What different approaches have been developed to teach this important skill? Speaking deals with both these questions, providing clear explanations of recent research and developments in methodology. In the final section the author suggests practical ways in which teachers can gain a better understanding of the role of oral classroom activities." (Publisher's Website); CONTENTS
; The author and series editors
; Introduction; Section One: Understanding speaking
; 1 Speaking as a skill
; 1.1 Knowledge and skill
; 1.2 Oral skills and interaction; 2 Differences between speech and writing
; 2.1 Introduction
; 2.2 Processing conditions of speech and writing
; 2.3 Reciprocity conditions of speech and writing
; 3 Production skills
; 3.1 Introduction
; 3.2 Facilitation
; 3.3 Compensation
; 3.4 Conclusion; 4 Interaction skills
; 4.1 Introduction
; 4.2 Routines
; 4.3 Negotiation skills
; 4.4 Negotiation of meaning
; 4.5 Management of interaction
; 4.6 Conclusion
; 5 Learner strategies of communication
; 5.1 Introduction
; 5.2 Achievement strategies
; 5.3 Reduction strategies
; 6 A checklist of skills
; Section Two: The methodology of oral interaction
; 7 Introduction
; 8 Oral skills: methodological objectives
; 8.1 Introduction
; 8.2 Rivers and Temperley's view
; 8.3 Littlewood's view
; 8.4 Interaction criteria
; 8.5 Conclusion
; 9 Interaction activities
; 9.1 Introduction
; 9.2 Interaction activities: Littlewood
; 9.3 Interaction activities: Harmer
; 9.4 Interaction activities: Rivers and Temperley
; 9.5 Interaction activities: Ur
; 11 Students' production in interaction activities
; 10 Activities for oral practice
; 10.1 Introduction
; 10.2 Information-gap activities
; 10.3 Communication games
; 10.4 Simulations
; 10.5 Project-based interaction activities
; 12 Interaction skills in oral language methodology
; 12.1 Introduction
; 12.2 Accuracy and interaction in the curriculum
; 12.3 Integrating accuracy and interaction skills
; 12.4 Classroom organization and oral skills
; Section Three: Exploring oral interaction in the classroom
; 13 Planning a project
; 13.1 Introduction
; 13.2 Collecting data
; 14 Exploring aspects of oral methodology
; 14.1 Exploring oral language
; 14.2 Exploring oral interaction activities
; 14.3 Exploring oral interaction and learners' level
; 14.4 Exploring learners' perceptions of activities
; 14.5 Exploring learners' oral language needs
; Glossary
; Further reading
; Bibliography
; Index
UR  - https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/749037.Speaking
ER  -