Reflective Teaching in Second Language Classrooms /
Jack C. Richards and Charles Lockhart.
- 1st ed.
- New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 1994.
- xii, 218 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
- Cambridge Language Education .
- Cambridge language education. .
Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-213) and index.
" Jack C. Richards is Head of the Department of English at the City University of Hong Kong. He has taught English as a second or foreign language and has trained teachers in many countries including Canada, the United States, Indonesia, and Hong Kong. He is the author and editor of many English language textbooks and teacher reference books, including Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, The Language Teaching Matrix, and the basic course Interchange: English for International Communication. " (Back Cover). " Charles Lockhart teaches at the City University of Hong Kong. He has taught English and trained teachers in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the United States. He has also published articles in various ESL journals. " (Back Cover).
"Reflective Teaching in Second Language Classrooms introduces teachers to ways of exploring and reflecting upon their classroom experiences, using a carefully structured approach to self-observation and self-evaluation. Teachers are encouraged to collect data about their own teaching practices. The approach is not linked to a particular method, but rather can be applied to a variety of approaches and teaching situations and activities appropriate for group discussion or self-study." (Back Cover). CONTENTS : Introduction: Teacher development through exploring classroom processes 1. Approaches to classroom investigation in teaching Journals Lesson reports Surveys and questionnaires Audio or video recording of lessons Observation Action research Appendixes 2. Exploring teachers' beliefs The source of teachers' beliefs Beliefs about English Beliefs about learning Beliefs about teaching Beliefs about the program and the curriculum Beliefs about language teaching as a profession Follow-up activities Appendixes 3. Focus on the learner Learner belief systems Cognitive styles Learning strategies Follow-up activities Action research case study #1: Learner strategies Appendixes 4. Teacher decision making Planning decisions Interactive decisions Evaluative decisions Follow-up activities Action research case study #2: Negotiating course content with learners Appendixes 5. The role of the teacher The nature of roles Roles reflecting institutional factors Roles reflecting a teaching approach or method Roles reflecting a personal view of teaching Cultural dimensions of roles Follow-up activities Action research case study #3: Renegotiating teacher-learner roles to increase student motivation 6. The structure of a language lesson Openings Sequencing Pacing Closure Follow-up activities Action research case study #4: Transitions during lessons Appendixes 7. Interaction in the second language classroom The teacher's action zone Interactional competence Learner interactional patterns Grouping arrangements Follow-up activities Action research case study #5: Grouping arrangements in the classroom Appendixes 8. The nature of language learning activities Types of language learning activities Dimensions of language learning activities Follow-up activities Action research case study #6: Student performance on learning activities Appendix 9. Language use in the classroom How teachers modify their language Teachers' questions Feedback Learner language use in the classroom Follow-up activities Action research case study #7: Error correction