Howatt, Anthony P. R. <br/><br/>
A History of English Language Teaching / 
 A History of ELT. 
A. P. R. Howatt with H.G. Widdowson. 
 - 2nd ed. 
 - Oxford, UK :  Oxford University Press,  2004. 
 - xix, 417 p. :  ill, map ;  24 cm. 
 - Oxford Applied Linguistics .
<br/><br/>Includes bibliographical references and index. 
<br/><br/>PART ONE: 1400-1800 1. The early years 2. 'Refugiate in a strange country': the refugee language teachers in Elizabethan London 3. Towards 'the great and common world' 4. Guy Miège and the second Huguenot exile 5. The spread of English language teaching in Europe SECTION 2: ON 'FIXING' THE LANGUAGE 6. An overview: 1550-1800 7. Two proposals for orthographical reform in the 1500s<br/>  The work of John Hart, Chester Herald<br/>  Richard Mulcaster's Elementarie 8. Two pedagogical grammars of English for foreign learners<br/>  Ben Jonson's English Grammar<br/>  John Wallis's Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae 9. 'Things, words and notions' 10. The language 'fixed'<br/>  Latin schools and English schools<br/>  Swift's proposal for a British Academy<br/>  Towards Standard English<br/> PART TWO: 1800-1900 INTRODUCTION English language teaching in the Empire English language teaching in Europe<br/> SECTION 1: ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE EMPIRE 11. Teaching English overseas: similarities and contrasts<br/>  Reports on specific territories<br/>  Teaching English in India<br/>  Conclusion SECTION 2: ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING IN EUROPE 12. The grammar-translation method<br/>  The origins of the method<br/>  Language teaching in schools: some Anglo-German contrasts<br/>  Language learning by adults: the 'practical approach' of Ahn and Ollendorff 13. Individual reformers<br/>  Overview<br/>  'All is in all': Jean Joseph Jacotot<br/>  The Rational Method of Claude Marcel<br/>  Thomas Prendergast's 'Mastery System'<br/>  François Gouin and the 'Series' 14. The Reform Movement<br/>  The scope of the Movement<br/>  The principles of reform<br/>  The Klinghardt experiment<br/>  The role of phonetics<br/>  The work of Henry Sweet: an applied linguistic approach 15. 'Natural methods of language teaching' from Montaigne to Berlitz<br/>  Learning a language through 'constant conversation'<br/>  Rousseau and Pestalozzi<br/>  The origins of the Direct Method PART THREE: 1900 TO THE PRESENT DAY SECTION 1: ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING SINCE 1900: THE MAKING OF A PROFESSION 16. The teaching of English as a foreign or second language: a survey<br/>  Phase 1 1900-46: Laying the foundations<br/>  Phase 2 1946-70: Consolidation and renewal<br/>  Phase 3 1970 to the present day: Language and communication SECTION 2 ASPECTS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING SINCE 1900 17. Harold Palmer and the teaching of spoken language<br/>  Palmer's life and work<br/>  Palmer's methodology 18. Choosing the right words<br/>  Michael West and the teaching of reading<br/>  The Basic issue<br/>  Carnegie and after 19. Old patterns and new directions<br/>  The establishment of ELT and the post-war consensus<br/>  A.S. Hornby and the teaching of structural patterns<br/>  The early impact of applied linguistics (1941-60)<br/>  The end of the Empire<br/>  New directions in language teaching in the 1960s 20. The notion of communication<br/>  The communicative approach<br/>  Communication and language learning<br/>  The Threshold Level Project<br/>  English for Special/Specific Purposes (ESP)<br/>  The Bangalore Project<br/>  Conclusion 21. A perspective on recent trends by H. G. Widdowson A CHRONOLOGY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING Bibliography Index 
<br/><br/> "This is a history of the teaching of English to speakers of other languages from the Renaissance to the present day.<br/>It starts in 1400 when English was a minority language spoken by a population of under three million and describes the long process of making the English language teachable, and the developments in language teaching theory and practice which led to the emergence of English Language Teaching (ELT) as an autonomous modern profession. This is a fully revised second edition that includes new sections on English language teaching in the Empire, and revised and additional chapters covering the period from 1900 to the present day, including topics such as ESP and the spread of English as a global language. The final chapter is an in-depth discussion of current trends in English language teaching by H.G. Widdowson." (Book Cover) 
<br/><br/><label>ISBN: </label>9780194421850 (pbk) 
<br/><br/><label>Nat. Bib. No.: </label>GBA460483  bnb 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>English language--Study and teaching--History.<br/>English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers--History.<br/>Language and languages--Study and teaching--History.<br/>English language--History.