Social Consequences of Testing for Language-Minoritized Bilinguals in the United States /
Jamie L. Schissel.
- Blue Ridge Summit, PA : Multilingual Matters, 2019.
- vii, 167 p. : cov. ill. ; 23 cm.
- Bilingual Education and Bilingualism .
Vol. 117 in the Bilingual education & bilingualism series.
Also available as an ebook.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
"This book constructs a historical narrative to examine the social consequences of testing faced by language-minoritized bilinguals in the United States. These consequences are understood with respect to what language-minoritized bilinguals faced when they have sought (1) access to civic participation (2) entry into the United States, (3) education in K-12 Schools, and (4) higher education opportunities. By centering the test-taker perspective with a use-oriented testing approach, the historical narrative describes the cumulative nature of these consequences for this community of individuals, which demonstrates how the mechanism of testing – often in conjunction with other structural and political forces – has contributed to the historic, systemic marginalization of language-minoritized bilinguals in the United States. By viewing these experiences with respect to consequential validity, the book poses questions to those involved in testing to not only acknowledge these histories, but to actively and explicitly incorporate efforts to dismantle these legacies of discrimination. The conclusions drawn from the historical analysis add an important perspective for educators and researchers concerned with inequities in the testing of language-minoritized bilinguals." (Book Cover) CONTENTS: Introduction Language-minoritized Bilingual Test-takers in the United States Tests and Assessments Brief Histories of Testing Overview of the Book 1. Conceptualizing a Historical Narrative of Social Consequences Conceptualizing Histories of Discrimination Validity and Language-minoritized Bilinguals The Task That Follows Part I: Immigration Policy in the United States Pre-Civil War Period Post-Civil War Period World War I era World War II and the Beginning of the Cold War Civil Rights Discussions Immigration During the Civil Rights Movement and Vietnam War Amnesty The 'War on Terror' Summary 2. Seeking Access to Civic Participation Literacy Testing Naturalization and Citizenship Testing in the Military Discussion 3. Seeking Entry into the United States: A Focus on Ellis Island and Angel Island Ports of Entry Ellis Island Angel Island Discussion Part 2: Educational Trends Early Court Cases About Language Education Legislation on Bilingual Education Bilingual Education and Segregation Federal Policy Shifts with NCLB and ESSA Summary 4. Seeking Education in K-12 Schools Intelligence Testing Standardized Testing of Content and English Proficiency Discussion 5. Seeking Higher Education College Admission Testing English Proficiency Testing Discussion Concluding Thoughts Language-minoritized Bilinguals as Intersectional Individuals Language-minoritized Bilinguals and Histories of Discrimination Thoughts Moving Forward References Index
9781788922692 (pbk)
2018046318
Bilingualism--Social aspects--United States. Linguistic minorities--Social aspects--United States. Children of minorities--Education--United States. Multicultural education--Evaluation.--United States Education, Bilingual--Social aspects--United States. English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers.