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245			_aMultilingualism from Below / _cedited by Pol Cuvelier, Theodorus du Plessis, Michael Meeuwis, Reinhild Vandekerckhove, and Vic Webb.
250			_a1st ed.
260			_aPretoria, SA : _bVan Schaik, _c2010.
300			_axvi, 224 p. : _bill. ; _c25 cm.
440			_aStudies in Language Policy in South Africa
500			_aText predominantly in English including two French chapters. Vol. 8 in the Studies in Language Policy in South Africa series.
500			_a Conference proceedings from the Second International MIDP Symposium hosted jointly by the University of Antwerp (Belgium) the University of the Free State (South Africa), and the University of Ghent (Belgium), from the 14 to 16 September 2009.
504			_aIncludes index.
505			_aForeword / _rPol Cuvelier
505			_aChapter 1 Postcolonial Ideologies of Language in Education: Voices from Below on English and Loval Language(s) in The Gambia / _rKirsten Van Camp and Kasper Juffermans
505			_aChapter 2 Multilingualism and Language Attitudes in the Xhariep District: The Case of Kopanong / _rPol Cuvelier, Michael Meeuwis, Reinhild Vandekerckhove and Saskia Yperzeele
505			_aChapter 3 Teaching in a Language Limbo: Zambian Primary Teachers Caught Between Policy and Reality / _rNana Clemensen
505			_aChapter 4 A Case Study in Multilingualism from Below: How do Schools put Language Policy into Practice? / _rAnnamarie Mostert
505			_aChapter 5 Mixed Approach to Multilingual Language Policy Implementation: Insights from Local Government Sphere in South Africa / _rMunene Mwaniki
505			_aChapter 6 Shaping Language Policy on the Ground: The Official Languages Act (2003) in Ireland / _rVasiliki Georgiou, Muiris O Laoire and Clare Rigg
505			_aChapter 7 When a School Principal Does not Believe in the Impossible: From Multilingual Explorations to System-Wide Assessment / _rKathleen Heugh
505			_aChapter 8 Multilingualism from Below. Really? In South Africa? / _rVic Webb
505			_aChapter 9 On Speaking Multlilanguages: Urban Lingos and fluid Multilingualism / _rBusi Makoni, Sinfree Makoni and Alastair Pennycook
505			_aChapter 10 La réponse des jeunes algériens, depuis les années 80, à la politique linguistique de leurs aînés, à travers les néologismes hybrides arabo-français / _rChafia Yamina Benmayouf
505			_aChapter 11 De l'influence des représentations linguistiques sur les politiques linguistiques (et inversement) / _rCécile Petitjean
505			_aChapter 12 Afrikaans Norms of Spoken Usage and the Desirability of Re-Standardizing Standard Afrikaans along Ethnic Lines / _rGerald Stell
520			_a"Standard accounts of language policy and language planning tend to portray language users all too often as the 'passive receivers' of linguistic decisions taken at the higher levels of state organization. Conversely, those who are supposed to 'live' the language policies never really appear to submissively 'implement' them, but, appropriating them, steer them in novel, unforeseen directions through their everyday language practices and their discursive perceptions and interpretations of linguistic realities. It is these dialectic processes of interaction between what is designed from above and how it is responded to from below which give shape to societies' overall patterns of multilingualism. Multilingualism from below resulted from the Second International MIDP Symposium, "Multilingualism from below", held in Antwerp (Belgium) from 14 to 16 September 2009, and hosted jointly by the University of Antwerp, the University of the Free State (South Africa) and the University of Ghent (Belgium). The symposium comprised part of the MIDP colloquia series sponsored by the Province of Antwerp, and brought together several scholars from Africa, America and Europe, as well as from South Africa. The selected papers included in this, the eighth volume in the Van Schaik series, "Studies in language policy in South Africa", critically reflect on themes such as multilingualism and agency; multilingualism and language ideology construction; the management of multilingualism, etc. The diversity of the contributions to this volume underscores the fact that the construction of multilingualism is a complex process of dialectical exchange between top-down and bottom-up actors. Decision making and implementation by agents at the grassroots level are affected by non-explicit language ideologies, impacting on the fluidity of both individual and societal multilingualism. In light of this, researchers need to adapt their research approach when investigating language practices on a grassroots level. This includes a careful consideration of the concepts 'code-switching' or 'code selection' from below. With Multilingualism from below, the editors hope to evoke further discussion on the themes covered in this volume, as well as the opinions expressed by its contributors. The book is particularly directed at readers interested in the intricate relations between language and society, but it can also be used effectively as an important reference work in courses in language policy and language planning with a South African, African, or global focus." (Book Cover)
650			_aSociolinguistics _zSouth Africa.
650			_aMultilingualism.
700			_aCuvelier, Pol
700			_aDu Plessis, Theodorus
700			_aMeeuwis, Michael
700			_aVandekerchove, Reinhild
700			_aWebb, Vic
830			_aStudies in Language Policy in South Africa
856			_uhttp://www.vanschaiknet.com/book/view/203 _zPublisher's Website.
942			_2z _cBK