Includes bibliographical references and index.

"The Companion to Language Assessment is a state-of-the-art overview of the crucial topics for scholars and practitioners of language assessment, teaching, and learning. The four-volume work examines the multifaceted dimensions of language assessment, from the assessment of individual skills, the design of assessments, and the impact on language learners, to how research is conducted and assessment is practiced around the world. Organized thematically by volume, the 140 chapters provide comprehensive coverage of:

Volume I: Abilities, Contexts, and Learners: examining the assessed skills of language learners including aptitude, listening, speaking, grammar, and literacy, among others, and assessing learners from young language learners to working professionals;

Volume II: Approaches and Development: discussing assessment in the classroom and on a large scale, developmental tools such as designing and writing assessments, and current technological approaches;
Volume III: Evaluation, Methodology, and Interdisciplinary Themes: exploring evaluation of assessments through quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches, and interdisciplinary themes, among others, from philosophy, language acquisition, forensic sciences, and legal and ethical issues;

Volume IV: Assessment Around the World: featuring coverage of assessment in English and other languages from around the world.
This work brings together the leading voices and cutting-edge research in this critically important field. It is a key resource for scholars and practitioners in the fields of language teaching and learning, language policy and planning, language assessment and evaluation, and education at all levels." (Book Cover)

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

VOLUME I: ABILITIES, CONTEXTS, AND LEARNERS

Introducing The Companion to Language Assessment

Introduction to Volume I

Part 1: Overview 1

1. Fifty Years of Language Assessment / Alan Davies

Part 2: Assessing Abilities

2. Assessing Aptitude / Catherine J. Doughty

3. Assessing Listening / Elvis Wagner

4. Assessing Literacy / Sara Cushing Weigle

5. Assessing Responses to Literature / Richard Beach

6. Assessing Grammar / James E. Purpura

7. Assessing Pragmatics / Carsten Roever

8. Assessing Pronunciation / Talia Isaacs

9. Assessing Speaking / Barry O’Sullivan

10. Assessing Vocabulary / David Beglar and Paul Nation

11. Assessing Reading / William Grabe and Xiangying Jiang

12. Assessing Writing / Deborah Crusan

13. Assessing Integrated Skills / Alistair Cumming

14. Assessing Language and Content / Marguerite Ann Snow and Anne M. Katz

15. Assessing Translation / Juliane House

16. Assessing Language Varieties / Mingwei Pan and David D. Qian

Part 3: Assessment Contexts

17. International Assessments / Sauli Takala, Gudrun Erickson, and Neus Figueras

18. English Language Proficiency Assessments as an Exit Criterion for English Learners /
Mikyung Kim Wolf and Timothy Farnsworth

19. Tests of English for Academic Purposes in University Admissions / Xiaoming Xi, Brent Bridgeman, and Cathy Wendler

20. Government and Military Assessment / Rachel L. Brooks and Mika Hoffman

21. Language Assessment for Court Translators and Interpreters / Piers Armstrong

22. Language Testing for Immigration to Europe / Piet Van Avermaet and Reinhilde Pulinx

23. Language Testing for Immigration and Citizenship in the Netherlands / Massimiliano Spotti

24. Assessment in Asylum-Related Language Analysis / Diana Eades

25. Developmental Considerations and Curricular Contexts in the Assessment of Young Language Learners / Alison L. Bailey, H. Margaret Heritage, and Frances A. Butler

26. Assessing Heritage Language Learners / Lorena Llosa

27. Assessing Teachers’ Language Proficiency / Cathie Elder and Sun Hee Kim

28. Assessing the Oral English Abilities of International Teaching Assistants in the USA / Timothy Farnsworth

29. Assessing the English Language Proficiency of International Aviation Staff / Ruixia Yan

30. Assessing Health Professionals / Lynda Taylor and John Pill

31. Assessing Test Takers With Communication Disorders / John W. Oller, Jr.

VOLUME II: APPROACHES AND DEVELOPMENT

Introduction to Volume II

Part 5: Assessment Approaches

32. Large-Scale Assessment / Janna Fox

33. Norm-Referenced Approach to Language Assessment / Jungok Bae

34. Criterion-Referenced Approach to Language Assessment / Thom Hudson

35. Task-Based Language Assessment / Koen Van Gorp and Bart Deygers

36. Computer-Assisted Language Testing / Ruslan Suvorov and Volker Hegelheimer

Part 6: Assessment and Learning

37. Performance Assessment in the Classroom / Guoxing Yu

38. Monitoring Progress in the Classroom / Rama Mathew and Matthew E. Poehner

39. Achievement and Growth in the Classroom / Michael J. Kieffer

40. Portfolio Assessment in the Classroom / Muchun Yin

41. Dynamic Assessment in the Classroom / Matthew E. Poehner

42. Diagnostic Feedback in the Classroom / Eunice Eunhee Jang and Maryam Wagner

43. Self-Assessment in the Classroom / Mats Oscarson

44. Peer Assessment in the Classroom / Jette G. Hansen Edwards

45. Test Development Literacy / Kirby C. Grabowski and Jee Wha Dakin

Part 7: Assessment Development

46. Defining Constructs and Assessment Design / Joan Jamieson

47. Effect-Driven Test Specifications / Jiyoung Kim and Fred Davidson

48. Writing Items and Tasks / Mary Schedl and Jeanne Malloy

49. Item Banking / Susan Nissan and Robert French

50. Adapting or Developing Source Material for Listening and Reading Tests / Anthony Green

51. Writing Scoring Criteria and Score Reports / Megan Montee and Margaret E. Malone

52. Response Formats / David D. Qian and Mingwei Pan

53. Field Testing of Test Items and Tasks / Daniel J. Reed

54. Using Test-Wiseness Strategy Research in Task Development / Andrew D. Cohen

55. Using Standards and Guidelines / Nick Saville

56. Statistics and Software for Test Revisions / Yo In’nami and Rie Koizumi

57. Standard Setting in Language Testing / Dorry M. Kenyon and Anja Römhild

58. Administration, Scoring, and Reporting Scores / Ari Huhta

59. Detecting Plagiarism and Cheating / Ardeshir Geranpayeh

Part 8: Technology and Assessment

60. New Media in Language Assessments / Paul Gruba

61. Using Corpora to Design Assessment / Fiona Barker

62. Eye-Tracking Technology for Reading / Paula M. Winke

63. Acoustic and Temporal Analysis for Assessing Speaking / Okim Kang and Lucy Pickering

64. Computer-Automated Scoring of Written Responses / Nathan T. Carr

VOLUME III: EVALUATION, METHODOLOGY, AND INTERDISCIPLINARY THEMES

Introduction to Volume III

Part 9: Designing Evaluations

65. Evaluation of Language Tests Through Validation Research / Carol A. Chapelle and Erik Voss

66. Fairness and Justice in Language Assessment / Antony John Kunnan

67. Accommodations in the Assessment of English Language Learners / Jamal Abedi

68. Consequences, Impact, and Washback / Liying Cheng

Part 10: Quantitative Analysis

69. Classical Test Theory / Yasuyo Sawaki

70. Classical Theory Reliability / James Dean Brown

71. Score Dependability and Decision Consistency / James Dean Brown

72. The Use of Generalizability Theory in Language Assessment / George A. Marcoulides and Marsha Ing

73. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling / Gary J. Ockey

74. Questionnaire Development and Analysis /







Aek Phakiti

75. Item Response Theory in Language Testing / David P. Ellis and Steven J. Ross

76. Differential Item and Testlet Functioning Analysis /
Hong Jiao and Ying-Fang Chen

77. Multifaceted Rasch Analysis for Test Evaluation / Khaled Barkaoui

Part 11: Qualitative and Mixed Method Analysis

78. Content Analysis / Evelina D. Galaczi

79. Introspective Methods / Miyuki Sasaki

80. Raters and Ratings / Alistair Van Moere

81. Spoken Discourse / Anne Lazaraton

82. Written Discourse / Lia Plakans

83. Mixed Methods Research / Carolyn E. Turner

84. Writing Research Reports / Kyle McIntosh and April Ginther

Part 12: Interdisciplinary Themes

85. Philosophy and Language Testing / Glenn Fulcher

86. Cognition and Language Assessment / Yasuhiro Shirai and Mary Lou Vercellotti

87. Language Acquisition and Language Assessment / James E. Purpura

88. Bilingual Assessment / Usha Lakshmanan

89. Classroom-Based Assessment Issues for Language Teacher Education / Constant Leung

90. Program Evaluation and Language Assessment / Brent A. Green

91. The Interface of Language Assessment and Forensic Contexts / Margaret van Naerssen

92. Language Testing in the Dock / Glenn Fulcher

93. The Influence of Ethics in Language Assessment / Bernard Spolsky

94. Ongoing Challenges in Language Assessment / Lyle F. Bachman

VOLUME IV: ASSESSMENT AROUND THE WORLD

Introduction to Volume IV

Part 13: Current Practices in Assessing English

95. English as a Lingua Franca / Jennifer Jenkins and Constant Leung

96. Assessing English in Australia and New Zealand / Kathryn Hill and Rosemary Erlam

97. Assessing English in North America / Samira ElAtia

98. Assessing English in Mexico and Central America / Caroline Payant and Francisco Javier Barrón Serrano

99. Assessing English in the Middle East and North Africa / Atta Gebril and Russanne Hozayin

100. Assessing English in South Asia / Rama Mathew

101. Assessing English in East Asia / Viphavee Vongpumivitch

102. Assessing English in Southeast Asia / Richard Watson Todd and Chih-Min Shih

103. Assessing English in South America / Matilde V. R. Scaramucci and Adriana Boffi

104. Assessing English in Europe / Gad S. Lim

Part 14: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Africa

105. Assessing Swahili / Katrina Daly Thompson

106. Assessing Shona and Ndebele / Galen Sibanda

Part 15: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in North and South America

107. Assessing American Sign Language / Robert J. Hoffmeister, Marlon Kuntze, Sarah A. Fish

108. Assessing Hawaiian / William H. Wilson

109. Assessing North American Indigenous Languages / J. Dean Mellow and Kaitlyn Begg

110. Assessing North American Spanish / M. Rafael Salaberry

Part 16: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in the Middle East and South Asia

111. Assessing Arabic / Atta Gebril and Hanada Taha-Thomure

112. Assessing Farsi / Hossein Farhady and Kobra Tavassoli

113. Assessing Hebrew / Ofra Inbar-Lourie

114. Assessing Hindi / Pritha Chandra

115. Assessing Malayalam / Suchitra Sadanandan

116. Assessing Nepali / Madhav P. Pokharel

117. Assessing Sinhala / Priyanvada Abeywickrama and Dushyanthi Mendis

118. Assessing Tamil / Vyjayanthi Sankar

119. Assessing Telugu / K. V. V. L. Narasimha Rao

Part 17: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Southeast and East Asia

120. Assessing Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia / May Tan

121. Assessing Cantonese / Wing Sat Chan

122. Assessing Japanese / Yoshinori Watanabe and Kaoru Koyanagi

123. Assessing Korean / Chungsook Kim and Junho Lee

124. Assessing Mandarin Chinese / Luxia Qi and Kai Zhang

125. Assessing Hakka, Southern Min, and Taiwanese Indigenous Languages / Jessica R. W. Wu

126. Assessing Thai / Pranee Kullavanijaya, Viphavee Vongpumivitch, and Debi Jaratjarungkiat

Part 18: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Australia and New Zealand

127. Assessing Australian and New Zealand Indigenous Languages / Gillian Wigglesworth and Peter Keegan

128. Assessing Mâori Indigenous Language Learners / Cath Rau

Part 19: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Europe

129. Assessing Armenian / Rubina Gasparyan and Mirtsa Halajyan

130. Assessing Finnish / Mirja Tarnanen and Eija Aalto

131. Assessing French / Eve Ryan

132. Assessing German / Michaela Perlmann-Balme

133. Assessing Greek / Spiros Papageorgiou

134. Assessing Italian / Giuliana Grego Bolli

135. Assessing Norwegian / Cecilie Carlsen and Eli Moe

136. Assessing Polish / Jo Lewkowicz and Marcin Smolik

137. Assessing Portuguese / Michele Back

138. Assessing Russian /


Irshat Madyarov

139. Assessing Spanish / José Ramón Parrondo Rodríguez

140. Assessing Welsh / Emyr Davies

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

VOLUME I: ABILITIES, CONTEXTS, AND LEARNERS

Introducing The Companion to Language Assessment
Introduction to Volume I
Part 1: Overview 1
1. Fifty Years of Language Assessment / Alan Davies

Part 2: Assessing Abilities
2. Assessing Aptitude / Catherine J. Doughty
3. Assessing Listening / Elvis Wagner
4. Assessing Literacy / Sara Cushing Weigle
5. Assessing Responses to Literature / Richard Beach
6. Assessing Grammar / James E. Purpura
7. Assessing Pragmatics / Carsten Roever
8. Assessing Pronunciation / Talia Isaacs
9. Assessing Speaking / Barry O’Sullivan
10. Assessing Vocabulary / David Beglar and Paul Nation
11. Assessing Reading / William Grabe and Xiangying Jiang
12. Assessing Writing / Deborah Crusan
13. Assessing Integrated Skills / Alistair Cumming
14. Assessing Language and Content / Marguerite Ann Snow and Anne M. Katz
15. Assessing Translation / Juliane House
16. Assessing Language Varieties / Mingwei Pan and David D. Qian

Part 3: Assessment Contexts
17. International Assessments / Sauli Takala, Gudrun Erickson, and Neus Figueras
18. English Language Proficiency Assessments as an Exit Criterion for English Learners / Mikyung Kim Wolf and Timothy Farnsworth
19. Tests of English for Academic Purposes in University Admissions / Xiaoming Xi, Brent Bridgeman, and Cathy Wendler
20. Government and Military Assessment / Rachel L. Brooks and Mika Hoffman
21. Language Assessment for Court Translators and Interpreters / Piers Armstrong
22. Language Testing for Immigration to Europe / Piet Van Avermaet and Reinhilde Pulinx
23. Language Testing for Immigration and Citizenship in the Netherlands / Massimiliano Spotti
24. Assessment in Asylum-Related Language Analysis / Diana Eades

Part 4: Assessing Learners
25. Developmental Considerations and Curricular Contexts in the Assessment of Young Language Learners / Alison L. Bailey, H. Margaret Heritage, and Frances A. Butler
26. Assessing Heritage Language Learners / Lorena Llosa
27. Assessing Teachers’ Language Proficiency / Cathie Elder and Sun Hee Kim
28. Assessing the Oral English Abilities of International Teaching Assistants in the USA / Timothy Farnsworth
29. Assessing the English Language Proficiency of International Aviation Staff / Ruixia Yan
30. Assessing Health Professionals / Lynda Taylor and John Pill
31. Assessing Test Takers With Communication Disorders / John W. Oller, Jr.

VOLUME II: APPROACHES AND DEVELOPMENT

Introduction to Volume II

Part 5: Assessment Approaches
32. Large-Scale Assessment / Janna Fox
33. Norm-Referenced Approach to Language Assessment / Jungok Bae
34. Criterion-Referenced Approach to Language Assessment / Thom Hudson
35. Task-Based Language Assessment / Koen Van Gorp and Bart Deygers
36. Computer-Assisted Language Testing / Ruslan Suvorov and Volker Hegelheimer

Part 6: Assessment and Learning
37. Performance Assessment in the Classroom / Guoxing Yu
38. Monitoring Progress in the Classroom / Rama Mathew and Matthew E. Poehner
39. Achievement and Growth in the Classroom / Michael J. Kieffer
40. Portfolio Assessment in the Classroom / Muchun Yin
41. Dynamic Assessment in the Classroom / Matthew E. Poehner
42. Diagnostic Feedback in the Classroom / Eunice Eunhee Jang and Maryam Wagner
43. Self-Assessment in the Classroom / Mats Oscarson
44. Peer Assessment in the Classroom / Jette G. Hansen Edwards
45. Test Development Literacy / Kirby C. Grabowski and Jee Wha Dakin

Part 7: Assessment Development
46. Defining Constructs and Assessment Design / Joan Jamieson
47. Effect-Driven Test Specifications / Jiyoung Kim and Fred Davidson
48. Writing Items and Tasks / Mary Schedl and Jeanne Malloy
49. Item Banking / Susan Nissan and Robert French
50. Adapting or Developing Source Material for Listening and Reading Tests / Anthony Green
51. Writing Scoring Criteria and Score Reports / Megan Montee and Margaret E. Malone
52. Response Formats / David D. Qian and Mingwei Pan
53. Field Testing of Test Items and Tasks / Daniel J. Reed
54. Using Test-Wiseness Strategy Research in Task Development / Andrew D. Cohen
55. Using Standards and Guidelines / Nick Saville
56. Statistics and Software for Test Revisions / Yo In’nami and Rie Koizumi
57. Standard Setting in Language Testing / Dorry M. Kenyon and Anja Römhild
58. Administration, Scoring, and Reporting Scores / Ari Huhta
59. Detecting Plagiarism and Cheating / Ardeshir Geranpayeh

Part 8: Technology and Assessment
60. New Media in Language Assessments / Paul Gruba
61. Using Corpora to Design Assessment / Fiona Barker
62. Eye-Tracking Technology for Reading / Paula M. Winke
63. Acoustic and Temporal Analysis for Assessing Speaking / Okim Kang and Lucy Pickering
64. Computer-Automated Scoring of Written Responses / Nathan T. Carr

VOLUME III: EVALUATION, METHODOLOGY, AND INTERDISCIPLINARY THEMES

Introduction to Volume III

Part 9: Designing Evaluations
65. Evaluation of Language Tests Through Validation Research / Carol A. Chapelle and Erik Voss
66. Fairness and Justice in Language Assessment / Antony John Kunnan
67. Accommodations in the Assessment of English Language Learners / Jamal Abedi
68. Consequences, Impact, and Washback / Liying Cheng

Part 10: Quantitative Analysis
69. Classical Test Theory / Yasuyo Sawaki
70. Classical Theory Reliability / James Dean Brown
71. Score Dependability and Decision Consistency / James Dean Brown
72. The Use of Generalizability Theory in Language Assessment / George A. Marcoulides and Marsha Ing
73. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling / Gary J. Ockey
74. Questionnaire Development and Analysis / Aek Phakiti
75. Item Response Theory in Language Testing / David P. Ellis and Steven J. Ross
76. Differential Item and Testlet Functioning Analysis / Hong Jiao and Ying-Fang Chen
77. Multifaceted Rasch Analysis for Test Evaluation / Khaled Barkaoui

Part 11: Qualitative and Mixed Method Analysis
78. Content Analysis / Evelina D. Galaczi
79. Introspective Methods / Miyuki Sasaki
80. Raters and Ratings / Alistair Van Moere
81. Spoken Discourse / Anne Lazaraton
82. Written Discourse / Lia Plakans
83. Mixed Methods Research / Carolyn E. Turner
84. Writing Research Reports / Kyle McIntosh and April Ginther

Part 12: Interdisciplinary Themes
85. Philosophy and Language Testing / Glenn Fulcher
86. Cognition and Language Assessment / James E. Purpura
87. Language Acquisition and Language Assessment / Yasuhiro Shirai and Mary Lou Vercellotti
88. Bilingual Assessment / Usha Lakshmanan
89. Classroom-Based Assessment Issues for Language Teacher Education / Constant Leung
90. Program Evaluation and Language Assessment / Brent A. Green
91. The Interface of Language Assessment and Forensic Contexts / Margaret van Naerssen
92. Language Testing in the Dock / Glenn Fulcher
93. The Influence of Ethics in Language Assessment / Bernard Spolsky
94. Ongoing Challenges in Language Assessment / Lyle F. Bachman

VOLUME IV: ASSESSMENT AROUND THE WORLD

Introduction to Volume IV

Part 13: Current Practices in Assessing English
95. English as a Lingua Franca / Jennifer Jenkins and Constant Leung
96. Assessing English in Australia and New Zealand / Kathryn Hill and Rosemary Erlam
97. Assessing English in North America / Samira ElAtia
98. Assessing English in Mexico and Central America / Caroline Payant and Francisco Javier Barrón Serrano
99. Assessing English in the Middle East and North Africa / Atta Gebril and Russanne Hozayin
100. Assessing English in South Asia / Rama Mathew
101. Assessing English in East Asia / Viphavee Vongpumivitch
102. Assessing English in Southeast Asia / Richard Watson Todd and Chih-Min Shih
103. Assessing English in South America / Matilde V. R. Scaramucci and Adriana Boffi
104. Assessing English in Europe / Gad S. Lim

Part 14: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Africa
105. Assessing Swahili / Katrina Daly Thompson
106. Assessing Shona and Ndebele / Galen Sibanda

Part 15: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in North and South America
107. Assessing American Sign Language / Robert J. Hoffmeister, Marlon Kuntze, Sarah A. Fish
108. Assessing Hawaiian / William H. Wilson
109. Assessing North American Indigenous Languages / J. Dean Mellow and Kaitlyn Begg
110. Assessing North American Spanish / M. Rafael Salaberry

Part 16: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in the Middle East and South Asia
111. Assessing Arabic / Atta Gebril and Hanada Taha-Thomure
112. Assessing Farsi / Hossein Farhady and Kobra Tavassoli
113. Assessing Hebrew / Ofra Inbar-Lourie
114. Assessing Hindi / Pritha Chandra
115. Assessing Malayalam / Suchitra Sadanandan
116. Assessing Nepali / Madhav P. Pokharel
117. Assessing Sinhala / Priyanvada Abeywickrama and Dushyanthi Mendis
118. Assessing Tamil / Vyjayanthi Sankar
119. Assessing Telugu / K. V. V. L. Narasimha Rao

Part 17: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Southeast and East Asia
120. Assessing Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia / May Tan
121. Assessing Cantonese / Wing Sat Chan
122. Assessing Japanese / Yoshinori Watanabe and Kaoru Koyanagi
123. Assessing Korean / Chungsook Kim and Junho Lee
124. Assessing Mandarin Chinese / Luxia Qi and Kai Zhang
125. Assessing Hakka, Southern Min, and Taiwanese Indigenous Languages / Jessica R. W. Wu
126. Assessing Thai / Pranee Kullavanijaya, Viphavee Vongpumivitch, and Debi Jaratjarungkiat

Part 18: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Australia and New Zealand
127. Assessing Australian and New Zealand Indigenous Languages / Gillian Wigglesworth and Peter Keegan
128. Assessing Mâori Indigenous Language Learners / Cath Rau

Part 19: Current Practices in Assessing Languages in Europe
129. Assessing Armenian / Rubina Gasparyan and Mirtsa Halajyan
130. Assessing Finnish / Mirja Tarnanen and Eija Aalto
131. Assessing French / Eve Ryan
132. Assessing German / Michaela Perlmann-Balme
133. Assessing Greek / Spiros Papageorgiou
134. Assessing Italian / Giuliana Grego Bolli
135. Assessing Norwegian / Cecilie Carlsen and Eli Moe
136. Assessing Polish / Jo Lewkowicz and Marcin Smolik
137. Assessing Portuguese / Michele Back
138. Assessing Russian / Irshat Madyarov
139. Assessing Spanish / José Ramón Parrondo Rodríguez
140. Assessing Welsh / Emyr Davies