"International ed.--not for sale in the U.S.A"-- Front Cover.

Includes Listening Script, Index and Audio CD Tracking List.

"A classic developmental skills text for lower-intermediate and intermediate English language learners, Fundamentals of English Grammar is a comprehensive reference grammar as well as a stimulating and teachable classroom text.

While keeping the same basic approach and material as in earlier editions, the fourth edition more fully develops communicative and interactive language-learning activities. Some of the new features are:
Innovative Warm-Up exercises that precede the grammar charts and introduce points to be taught
Structure-based listening exercises ranging from casual speech to more academic content
A wide selection of readings that highlight the target grammar structures
Greatly expanded speaking practice with extensive pair, group, and class work
Writing activities with models for students to follow
Corpus-informed syllabus that reflects the discourse patterns of spoken and written English
Audio CDs and Listening Script in the back of the Student Book." (Book Jacket)

CONTENTS

Ch. 1: PRESENT TIME
1-1 Simple present and present progressive
1-2 Forms of the simple present and the present progressive
1-3 Singular/plural
1-4 Spelling of simple present verbs: Final –s/-es
1-5 Frequency adverbs
1-6 Verbs not usually used in the progressive
1-7 Present verbs: short answers to yes/no questions

Ch. 2: PAST TIME
2-1 The Simple Past: Regular Verbs 2-2 Expressing Past Time: The Simple Past, Irregular Verbs

2-3 Common Irregular Verbs: A Reference List
2-4 Recognizing Verb Endings and Questions with Did
2-5 Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms
2-6 The Past Progressive
2-7 Simple past vs. past progressive
2-8 Expressing past time: using time clauses 2-9 Expressing past habit: used to

Ch. 3: FUTURE TIME
3-1 Expressing future time: be going to and will
3-2 Forms with be going to
3-3 Forms with will
3-4 Be going to and will in Spoken English
3-5 Be Going to vs. Will
3-6 Certainty about the future
3-7 Expressing the future in time clauses and if-clauses
3-8 Using the present progressive to express future time
3-9 Using the simple present to express future time
3-10 Immediate future: using be about to 3-11 Parallel verbs

Ch. 4: PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST PERFECT
4-1 Past participle
4-2 Introduction to the Present Perfect: Unspecified Time with Ever and Never 4-3 The Present perfect with unspecified time: Already, Yet, Just, Recently
4-4 Present perfect with since and for

4-5 Simple past vs. present perfect
4-6 Present perfect progressive
4-7 Present perfect progressive vs. present perfect
4-8 Past perfect

Ch. 5: ASKING QUESTIONS
5-1 Yes/no questions and short answers
5-2 Where, why, when, what time, how come, what…for
5-3 Questions with who, who(m), and what
5-4 Using what + a form of do
5.5 Which vs. What and What Kind Of 5-6 Using how
5-7 Using how often / How Many Times
5-8 Talking about Distance
5-9 Length of time: it + take and how long; How Many
5-10 Spoken and written contractions with question words
5-11 More questions with how
5-12 Using how about and what about
5-13 Tag questions

Ch. 6: NOUNS AND PRONOUNS
6-1 Plural forms of nouns
6-2 Pronunciation of final –s/-es
6-3 Subjects, verbs, and objects
6-4 Objects of prepositions
6-5 Prepositions of time
6-6 Word order: place and time
6-7 Subject-verb agreement
6-8 Using adjectives to describe nouns
6-9 Using nouns as adjectives
6-10 Personal pronouns: subjects and objects
6-11 Possessive nouns
6-12 Using Whose
6-13 Possessive pronouns and adjectives
6-14 Reflexive pronouns 6-15 Singular forms of other: another vs. the other
6-16 Plural forms of other: other(s) vs. the other(s)
6-17 Summary: Forms of Other

Ch. 7: MODAL AUXILIARIES
7-1 Introduction to Modal Auxiliaries
7-2 Expressing Ability: Can, Could, Be Able To
7-3 Expressing Possibility: May, Might, and Maybe; Expressing Permission: May and Can
7-4 Using Could to Express Possibility
7-5 Polite Requests with I: May, Could, Can
7-6 Polite Requests with You: Would, Could, Will, Can
7-7 Expressing Advice: Should and Ought To
7-8 Expressing Advice: Had Better
7-9 Expressing Necessity: Have To, Have Got To, Must
7-10 Expressing Lack of Necessity: Do Not Have To; Expressing prohibition: Must Not
7-11 Making Logical Conclusions: Must
7-12 Tag Questions with Modal Auxiliaries
7-13 Imperative Sentences: Giving Instructions
7-14 Making Suggestions: Let’s and Why Don’t
7-15 Stating Preferences: Prefer, Like… Better, Would Rather 7-16 Summary: Modal Auxiliaries Taught in Chapter 7

Ch. 8: CONNECTING IDEAS: PUNCTUATION AND MEANING
8-1 Connecting Ideas with And
8-2 Connecting Ideas with But and Or
8-3 Connecting Ideas with So
8-4 Using Auxiliary Verbs after But
8-5 Using And + Too, So, Either, Neither
8-6 Connecting Ideas with Because
8-7 Connecting Ideas With even Though/Although

Ch. 9: COMPARISONS
9-1 Introduction to Comparative Forms of Adjectives 9-2 Introduction to Superlative Forms of Adjectives
9-3 Completing Comparatives and Superlatives
9-4 Making Comparatives with Adverbs
9-5 Repeating a Comparative; Using Double Comparatives
9-6 Modifying Comparatives with Adjectives and Adverbs 9-7 Negative Comparisons
9-8 Using As... As to Make Comparisons
9-9 Using Less… Than and Not As… As

9-10 Using More with Nouns
9-11 Using the Same, Similar, Different, Like, Alike

Ch. 10: THE PASSIVE 10-1 Active and Passive Sentences
10-2 Forming the Passive
10-3 Progressive Forms of the Passive
10-4 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
10-5 Using the by-Phrase
10-6 Passive Modal Auxiliaries 10-7 Past Participles as Adjectives (Stative or Non-Progressive Passive)
10-8 Participial Adjectives: -ed vs. –ing

10-9 Get + Adjective; Get + Past Participle 10-10 Using Be Used/Accustomed To and Get Used/Accustomed To
10-11 Used To vs. Be Used To
10-12 Using Be Supposed To

Ch. 11: COUNT/NONCOUNT NOUNS AND ARTICLES
11-1 A vs. An
11-2 Count and Noncount Nouns
11-3 Noncount Nouns
11-4 More Noncount Nouns
11-5 Using A Lot Of, Some, Several, Many/Much, and A Few/A Little
11-6 Nouns That Can Be Count or Noncount
11-7 Using Units of Measure with Noncount Nouns
11-8 Articles with Count and Noncount Nouns: A/An, The, Ø 11-9 More About Articles
11-10 Using the or Ø with People and Places
11-11 Capitalization

Ch. 12: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
12-1 Adjective Clauses: Introduction
12-2 Using Who and That in Adjective Clauses to Describe People
12-3 Using Object Pronouns in Adjective Clauses to Describe People
12-4 Using Pronouns in Adjective Clauses to Describe Things
12-5 Singular and Plural Verbs in Adjective Clauses
12-6 Using Prepositions in Adjective Clauses
12-7 Using Whose in Adjective Clauses

Ch. 13: GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
13-1 Verb + Gerund
13-2 Go + -ing
13-3 Verb + Infinitive
13-4 Verb + Gerund or Infinitive
13-5 Preposition + Gerund
13-6 Using By and With to Express How Something is Done
13-7 Using Gerunds as Subjects; Using It + Infinitive
13-8 It + Infinitive: Using For (Someone)
13-9 Expressing Purpose with In Order To and For
13-10 Using Infinitives with Too and Enough

Ch. 14: NOUN CLAUSES
14-1 Nouns Clauses: Introduction
14-2 Noun Clauses That Begin with a Question Word
14-3 Noun Clauses That Begin with If or Whether
14-4 Nouns Clauses That Begin with That
14-5 Other Uses of That-Clauses
14-6 Substituting So for a That-Clause in Conversational Responses
14-7 Quoted Speech
14-8 Quoted Speech vs. Reported Speech
14-9 Verb Forms in Reported Speech
14-10 Common Reporting Verbs: Tell, Ask, Answer/Reply

Appendix: SUPPLEMENTARY GRAMMAR CHARTS

Unit A
A-1 The Principal Parts of a Verb
A-2 Common Irregular Verbs: A Reference List
A-3 The Present Perfect vs. The Past Perfect A-4 The Past Progressive vs. The Past Perfect
A-5 Regular Verbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings
A-6 Pronunciation of Final -s/-es for Verbs and Nouns A-7 Review: Subject and Object Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns, and Possessive Adjectives
A-8 Comparison of Yes/No and Information Question Forms

Unit B
B-1 Phrasal Verbs
B-2 Phrasal Verbs: A Reference List

Unit C
C-1 Preposition Combinations: Introduction
C-2 Preposition Combinations: A Reference List

Listening Script

Trivia Answers

Index

Lower-intermediate to intermediate language learners.